Scholars from around the world recently gathered at the USC Marshall School of Business for an “AI in Management” conference, where they shared innovative research and networked with peers. However, many participants faced unexpected challenges, leading to cancellations. Approximately 8% of invited speakers could not attend due to difficulties in obtaining travel visas on time.
Visa issues have become a significant barrier for researchers, with some experiencing delays of several months or even years to secure appointments for visa interviews at U.S. embassies in their home countries. In contrast, scholars from 41 countries, primarily in Europe, can travel to the U.S. without a visa for up to 90 days under the Visa Waiver Program.
Recent research indicates that easing travel restrictions for foreign scholars can significantly enhance knowledge sharing and innovation in the U.S. Expanding the Visa Waiver Program could invigorate American innovation, which has been hindered by various factors, including ongoing pandemic effects and cuts to research funding.
Studies show that increased innovation correlates with economic growth, higher wages, and improved health outcomes. While U.S. passport holders can travel to 188 countries without prior visa applications, foreign researchers often face a lengthy and complicated process just to attend short events in the U.S.
The Visa Waiver Program simplifies this process by allowing visitors from approved countries to apply online for travel authorization within 72 hours of their intended arrival. This efficiency fosters collaboration between international scholars and their American counterparts, benefiting U.S. innovation.
A study published earlier this year revealed that when foreign scientists could easily access U.S. research centers through the Visa Waiver Program, patent filings increased significantly—by 18% in American centers and 12% in their home countries. Additionally, a follow-up study found a 31% increase in joint academic publications between American researchers and those from countries added to the Visa Waiver Program.
Long-term immigration has already been shown to boost American innovation and economic growth. Encouraging short-term visits through the Visa Waiver Program can also be advantageous. These face-to-face interactions foster trust and facilitate knowledge sharing across geographical and cultural barriers.
To further enhance American innovation, organizations should minimize travel barriers for eligible researchers and consider incentives for facilitating travel to the U.S. The most significant impact would come from expanding the Visa Waiver Program to include more countries. Typically, new countries are added after meeting specific criteria set by the Department of Homeland Security and State Department.
Reviving a roadmap program that outlines steps for aspiring countries could help facilitate their entry into the Visa Waiver Program. Congress could also amend eligibility criteria or grant more discretion to admit countries that do not meet all requirements.
Expanding this program would not only boost American innovation but also increase tourism revenue. As international scholars, we recognize the immense value of cross-border collaboration and its role in advancing scientific progress. More scholars should have access to these opportunities for collaboration and innovation, benefiting everyone involved.
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